Free Volunteer Income Tax Clinics Canada

Updated: 03/06/2014 If you need help completing your Canadian income tax return and you cant afford an accountant or commercial income tax preparation service, take advantage of the Volunteer Income Tax Preparation Clinics offered by the Canada Revenue Agency. These free clinics are offered every year between February and April at locations across Canada. Eligibility Requirements Trained volunteers can help you with your taxes if you have a straightforward income tax return and your income is low. The program has basic eligibility requirements, including maximum income levels. Community organizations can adapt their own eligibility criteria depending on their economic location and capabilities, so check with the individual clinic. They can not help with income tax returns for: deceased individualsbankruptciescapital gains or lossesemployment expensesbusiness or rental income and expenses See Also: Filing Your Canadian Income Taxes - The BasicsHelp With Your Canadian Income Taxes

Organizational Culture by Charles Handy - 29094 Words

STUDENT REFERENCE NOTE Food Cost Control CUL2106 ATI College 85 Gaya Street 88000 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Table of Contents | | |Page | |Table of Content | |1 | |Course Outline | |2 | |Chapter 1 – Cost and Sales Concepts | |5 | |Chapter 2 – The Control Process†¦show more content†¦b. Course Work (Total: 10%) To be based on submission of all exercises given during the class lecture. 2. Objective of Course Unit The objective of this unit is to introduce food cost control to students preparing for careers in the food and beverage management as well as hotels and other enterprises where this knowledge is necessary. 3. Synopsis The subject consist of 10 topics with the earliest topics touching on fundamentals issues such as understanding the definition of the cost terms that will be applied throughout the learning process. The first three topics also introduce students to the common formulas used in controlling cost, which will also be applied throughout the learning process. The remaining chapters’ touches on other form of controls applied in the industry with the final chapter summarizing the importance of cost control and touching on sales control as well. 4. Topics Chapter 1 – Cost and Sales Concepts Chapter 2 – The Control Process Chapter 3 – Cost/Volume/Profit Relationships Chapter 4 – Purchasing/Receiving/Storing/Issuing Control Chapter 5 – Food Production Control 1 - Portion Chapter 6 – Food Production Control 2 - Quantities Chapter 7 – Monitoring Foodservice Operations 1 – Monthly Food Cost Chapter 8 – Monitoring Foodservice Operations 2 – Daily Food Cost Chapter 9 –Show MoreRelatedTaking a Look at a Shamrock Organization1051 Words   |  4 PagesA Shamrock Organization Charles Handy is an author and philosopher who specializes in organizational behavior and management. He has written several books that help companies succeed in creating relationships with their employees that are similar to communities rather than just entities on a mission for profit. Most of his working life was spent in Britain, where he became a spokesperson for management. Charles Handy was rated among the Thinkers 50, a list of the most influential management thinkersRead MoreEssay about Leadership Within Ambulance Services679 Words   |  3 PagesThis assignment will focus on; the NHS organisational cultures and theories, leadership cultures and theories, leadership styles, the effect leadership cultures have upon organisational cultures and will address the requirements for modernisation of the ambulance service. All of which will be supported by relevant literature and research. Since 1930 authors have focused on organizational culture as a system of â€Å"socially transmitted behaviour patterns that serve to relate human communities to theirRead MoreGods of Management1444 Words   |  6 PagesManagement Charles Handy, in â€Å"Gods of Management†, attempts to classify four distinct management cultures that exist within all organizations. He uses the ancient Greek gods to symbolize these management cultures or philosophies. There are four types of management cultures or philosophies present within all organizations. The four cultures are the club (Zeus), role (Apollo), task (Athena), and existential (Dionysus) cultures. The first culture Handy discusses is the club or Zeus culture. He usesRead MoreBusiness777 Words   |  4 Pagesworkers to handle each element in a pre-determined manner (instead of basing their work on their own personal discretion) and set up an equitable system of rewards for improved productivity. * Taylors theory brought numerous improvements to organizational management during a period when an autocratic management style was the norm. Some developments that resulted from the Taylor theory of management are these: 1. Significantly improved productivity; 2. Increased employee incentive; 3. WidespreadRead MoreHandys Culture and Deal Kennedy Culture1140 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational culture is the collective behaviours of humans that are portion of an organization, it is additionally industrialized by the association benefits, visions, norms, working language, signal, system, beliefs and habits. Hofstede’s research displays that organisational cultures differ generally at the level of practices. These are extra shallow and extra facilely learned and unlearned than benefits growing the core of nationwide cultures. Charles Handy (1999) has introduced us about organisationalRead MoreHandys Culture and Deal Kennedy Culture1147 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational culture is the collective behaviours of humans that are portion of an organization, it is additionally industrialized by the association benefits, visions, norms, working language, signal, system, beliefs and habits. Hofstede’s research displays that organisational cultures differ generally at the level of practices. These are extra shallow and extra facilely learned and unlearned than benefits growing the core of nationwide cultures. Charles Handy (1999) has introduced us about organisationalRead MoreOrganizational Culture Is The Most Important Variable That Influences The Organizational Performance1601 Words   |  7 Pagescaptivating organizational culture. Organizational culture creates a unique identity that diversifies an organization from its opposition. Ogbonna Lloyd (p, 32, 2002) defines organizational culture as â€Å"the collective sum of beliefs, values, meanings and assumptions that are shared by a social group and that help to shape the ways in which they respond to each other and to their external environment†. Organizational Culture is the most important variable that influences the organizational performanceRead MoreManagement of Change: Charles Handy.2126 Words   |  9 PagesTask: The key theme of this module is change. What did Charles Handy mean when he commented that change could not be managed? If he was right what can a manager do in the face of change? Explain the responsibilities of a manager to their organisation and its employees during periods of change. Essay: Introduction Inventions, new technologies, abolition of trade barriers, rapidly changing markets - the world is continuously passing from one state into another: The world is changing. But how canRead MoreManaging Change2556 Words   |  11 PagesPrinciples of Management Assignment 2003/ 2004  ¡Ã‚ §The key theme of this module is change. What did Charles Handy mean when he commented that change could not be managed? If he was right what can a manager do in the face of change? Explain the responsibilities of a manager to their organisation and its employees during periods of change. ¡Ã‚ ¨ Word Count: 1940 Pages: 10 Contents Page Page Front page 1 Contents page 2 1. Introduction 3 Read MoreThe International School Of English2844 Words   |  12 Pages This report will provide an organizational analysis of the International School of English (ISE) as my past work profession. The framework used is from Burrell and Morgan (1979), as they identified that people see the universe from four clear paradigmatic perspectives, radical humanist, and radical structuralist, functionalist and interpretative. From my paradigm questionnaire, it highlights that the researcher is a radical humanist. The report will be conducted through the lenses of a radical

Should the Coast be Managed Free Essays

Every year land is both lost and gained in coastal areas due to physical processes, including the action of the sea. Much time and money is spent in an attempt to limit the change, seen as â€Å"damage†, that occurs. More advanced methods of coastal defence are tested and put into place and research is carried out. We will write a custom essay sample on Should the Coast be Managed? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yet coastal management remains as a piece-meal approach, with different areas of coast dealt with using widely varying methods, some of which are the cause of this â€Å"damage† further along the coast. â€Å"Coastal defences, by their very nature, disrupt the natural processes operating on the coastline† (www. orth-norfolk. gov. uk) and it is this fundamental fact that should be considered by all those responsible for coastal management. Although this disruption is sometimes intentional, often it is not and thus more coastal defences must be put in place in order to correct the harm done by the original scheme. Conversely, there exists much land that is considered to be valuable in terms of its economic, social and environmental significance. It may seem a waste to simply watch this land being taken by the sea when there are preventative measures that can be employed. This essay will look at why the coast is protected, from what, and will give some examples of how as well as the advantages and disadvantages of coastal management strategies including taking no action against the work of the sea. The uses of the coastal area are numerous and diverse, making it difficult to prioritise on what should and should not warrant protection. Land that is situated close to the sea is often the location of homes with a high economic value in addition to the obvious emotional attachment of the owners. Historically valuable features such as buildings or monuments are important in terms of heritage and in turn tourism. Land that provides an income, i. e. farmland and camping ground is often situated along the coast and due to the natural beauty of coastal areas, attracts tourists as well as being aesthetically appealing for those that live close to it. Another natural feature is, of course, the precious habitats that are contained by the cliffs, and the scientific interest in those habitats. Settlements were originally located close to the sea for the purpose of transport and for many coastal locations, the import and export of both people and goods remains their principal function. Indeed, it is estimated that around 60 percent of the global population live within 50 km of the sea (Briggs, Smithson, Addison and Atkinson 1997). Consequently all of these activities and uses have strong arguments as to why they justify the time, expense and risk of affecting other locations in a detrimental way, that coastal defence schemes entail. The purpose of this essay is not to evaluate which of these is the most deserving but simply to acknowledge that all of these valuable features can be found in coastal locations and are therefore at risk from erosion by the sea. The processes that affect the coastline involve the action of the sea against the vulnerable beach and cliffs. Waves attack the coast in two fundamental ways. Firstly waves are formed and their energy increased by a combination of wind, tide and current. The force of this wave action is often enough to cause fractures in the rock and sometimes failures and de-stabilization through the trapping of air. The structure and geology are obviously major contributing factors when the severity of â€Å"damage† is considered. The second way in which the waves attack the coastline is really a strengthening of the first method and this is by the transport of sediments in the water. A wave that is carrying material that it has eroded or that is originally from the seabed has more power to potentially erode. This shoreline abrasion relies on both wave energy as well as a supply of material with which to attack (Summerfield 1991). Another coastal process is weathering which also occurs inland but is exacerbated at the coast due to the very nature of the area. This includes the wetting and drying cycles and also the existence of salt. Salt weathering has a greater effect on rock that can absorb seawater as this allows the salt to penetrate the rock and so work on its structure as opposed to only the external surfaces. Coastal defences obviously do not directly combat weathering as even if the land behind is protected from the sea, salt is ubiquitous and so will still reach it. So it is this persistent force from which the shoreline is, in some locations, protected. The methods used in this protection vary in construction and purpose but also in their efficiency, with each method exhibiting both positive and negative aspects. The best defence against erosion†¦ by the sea is a natural wide beach topped off at the inshore end with either high deep sand dunes or a shingle bank† (www. north-norfolk. gov. uk). Unfortunately not every coastal location has this advantage either for natural reasons or where the beach material has been removed for human use, for example building. In the case where there is erosion occurring and shoreline assets are threatened, artificial defences are put into place. One example of a coastal engineering method is the sea wall. These were widely used in the early stages of coastline management and some modern designs have since emerged which now play a major role in defence from the sea. The sea wall is intended to reflect the wave away from the land behind as opposed to a natural beach which absorbs and dissipates the wave energy. Another form that is frequently seen is the utilization of groynes. Groynes prevent the loss of beach material by creating an obstacle. They also encourage the build-up of sediment by interrupting and thus slowing the inshore tidal current. Combined, this means that there is a â€Å"natural† defence in the form of a more substantial beach in order to dissipate wave energy, consequently less erosion occurs at that particular site (see figure 1). Revetments are another commonly employed type of defence, constructed mainly from wood or concrete. The idea is that a surface sloping towards the beach dissipates wave energy meaning that less energy is available for erosion and also that sediment builds up in front of the revetment (www. north-norfolk. gov. uk). Type of defence Cost per metre (i) Revetment 500 Seawall 5000 Groyne 1000 There are, of course, many more coastal engineering methods but for the purpose of this essay, only three have been outlined. All methods, however, have their advantages and disadvantages. Management of the coastline in the UK, in terms of erosion, is generally taken as a piece-meal approach. That is to say each area is dealt with almost in isolation, and only relatively recently have the r elevant authorities become aware that the interference in one place is likely to have a considerable effect on another, further along the coast. An example of this is the implementation of groynes. The prevention of material loss and the subsequent build-up of sediment through interruption of the inshore tidal current can, in some cases, starve beaches further along, of the material that is required to maintain size and stability. So although one area is benefiting and a â€Å"problem† being solved, other areas can lose out and thus another problem is created. Conversely if groynes are correctly designed, they can work very well and they essentially do exactly what they are designed to. As many were constructed before it was realised that harm could be caused as well as good, the knock-on effects were not taken into account. Modern groynes are designed to be permeable in order that some sediment may pass through them and reach beaches further along. These have been used successfully on the north Norfolk coast where erosion and its prevention is of great significance. Sea walls work best on large beaches, where the sea only reaches the highest point of the beach during a storm (www. orth-norfolk. gov. uk). Then, should it happen that high tide and a storm coincide, the land behind the sea wall is protected from flooding and erosion. Sea walls require regular maintenance such as in the case of Ostend in north Norfolk, where annual maintenance is required (see figure 2 for approximate cost of initial building of sea defences). In addition to the costliness, there exists the situation of beach scouring caused by the waves reflected from the sea wall. This can, over time, lead to the collapse of the wall but also means that valuable sediment is being taken away from the beach – so reducing what little natural defence there was. A controversial approach to coastal management is that of leaving it to nature. This â€Å"do nothing† strategy has been adopted in numerous locations on the north Norfolk coast, including the area between Cromer and Overstrand where the present groynes are not being maintained and will eventually fail and be removed (see figure 3). A variation of this â€Å"do nothing† policy is the so-called managed retreat. This is where, again, the existing defences are no longer maintained or their maintenance is limited but in some locations a method of soft engineering is employed for example beach replenishment. The issues surrounding these types of â€Å"management† are not as simple as may be first thought. For example the financial benefit arising from either no defence being put in place or no longer maintaining the existing defence seems rather insignificant when the loss of valuable assets is taken into consideration. It is, however, almost completely natural, with material that is eroded form one location being accreted at another. The natural processes are, in this way, allowed to continue and the lack of interference would eventually ensure that there are no negative consequences at other locations as a result of coastal defence action. Despite this, it must be considered that once action is taken to defend the coast from the erosive power of the sea, it creates an issue as to at what point the management should cease and where. To suddenly no longer protect an area of coast may generate new problems and perhaps more expense. So the proposal of an integrated shoreline management strategy seems appealing. This is looked at in much depth by Karen Nichols in her paper â€Å"Coming to terms with Integrated Coastal Management†. Fundamentally, it would involve the linkage of all areas of the coastline in terms of action taken upon them. One possible solution could consist of a review followed by the implementation of a fully integrated coastal defence scheme combined with managed retreat. If this was undertaken on a national scale, with the co-ordination of all resources and authorities, perhaps loss of important assets and further damage in the course of protecting those assets would gradually be reduced to a minimum. It seems to be that the protection of our coastal locations will remain a much-debated issue, with the needs and wants of people contrasting greatly with the power of the sea’s natural activities. It is interesting that the focus of coastal management is to reduce coastal erosion yet it is the erosion of coastal land that supplies the beach with much of its material. As discussed earlier, a natural beach is the best form of shoreline defence†¦.. In conclusion it can be said that coastal protection is essential in certain localities but that it is an integrated management plan that will be most likely to succeed. How to cite Should the Coast be Managed?, Papers

Spider Man in Real Life free essay sample

Everyday citizens serve citizens and sometimes without realizing it. Just like people in today’s society they would help a random stranger just because they are in need. How much spider silk will it take to produce just one long enough strand to swing on? In Madagascar there were two guys that collected spiders every morning get the silk from them then release them back in to the wild. What they would do with the silk was pull it out of the spider then put it on a spindle its then put on a hand loom and weave it into a tapestry. Its called dragline silk; a spider can produce up to seven different types of silk. The dragline is what frames the web; its the thicker silk on the outside. Also, its extremely strong. The first panel that they wove, they were quite stunned by the fact that it sounded like guitar strings, pinging like metallic guitar strings. We will write a custom essay sample on Spider Man in Real Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is a very, very unusual material. Over the course of four years and the help over one million spiders they finished the tapestry. To finish the tapestry it took over one million spiders. One spider would take about 20 minutes to collect the silk. Each spider usually produced 400 yards. To make a long strand to swing on it would take quite a bit of spiders. Is there a way to shoot strands of spider silk form a hand or wrist? Yes we have all seen Spiderman shoot webs out of his wrists or even a device he makes to shoot them. But can this become a reality? In my own opinion I do not think his could be possible. Even with all the technology we have today I don’t think it could be possible. One reason is because, where would you store all the webbing? There is not a way to hold a long rope-like spider web in a device that fits on a wrist. And also, to have it shoot out with a press of a button and stick to a nearby surface. Conclusion, no there is not a way to shoot webbing out of someone’s wrist. Is the spider silk strong enough to hold a man? Spider silk can stretch up to 140 percent of its length before ripping. It remains flexible even under very cold conditions. Spider silk is so light weight that a mere pound of it could form a single strand to stretch around the earth’s equator. Spider silk it’s very soft but it is like holding a light weight flexible strand of steel; very strong. Is it strong enough to hold up a man? Spider silk equals that of polyaramid filaments which are fibers that a class of heat-resistant and strong synthetic fibers. Which themselves are benchmarks of modern polymer fiber technology. Over all yes there is enough evidence that spider silk can withstand the weight of a human. To conclude, I would like to restate my questions and answers. First, how much spider silk will it take to produce a long strand? One spider would produce 400 yards of silk. Second, is there a way to shoot it? No there is not a way. Third, is it strong enough to hold a man? Yes spider silk is about the strength of steel. Over all yes I think it would be possible to create a real life spider man in today’s world.

Transgenic Mammals and Gene Targeting †Biology Research Paper

Transgenic Mammals and Gene Targeting – Biology Research Paper Free Online Research Papers Transgenic Mammals and Gene Targeting Biology Research Paper Molecular biotechnology has been one of the most prospective fields of science for more than three decades. Its applications are numerous and have not even come close to reaching the limit. Since discovery of genes scientists have been researching a way to temper with them to achieve a desirable effect. In last two decades technology became available which allows introduction of specific genetic material from a donor into a host organism. Organisms which have altered or foreign genetic material, are now being referred to as transgenic. (Wang, 2003) Several methods have been devised for introduction or modification of genetic material. Most common and most controversial is embryonic stem-cell mediated gene transfer. It involves introduction of modified DNA into embryonic stem-cells, which will take up the DNA and hopefully express the desired genes. Application of this kind of technology is practically limitless. It scope spans across multiple industries, varying from agricultural uses to medical applications. (Westphal, 1989) Latest achievements involve production of medically important proteins like anti-clotting factors through expression of the gene in lactating cows, goats and pigs. (William 1997) Industries like agriculture have been desperate to express desired traits in livestock in order to increase production and the quality of the product in order to meet the demand of growing population. The most common fields in transgenic livestock that are being researched are: growth, pathogen resistance and quality of meat products. Many more applications of transgenic technology are now being considered as the field expands almost exponentially. However the most important application of this technology so far is identification of gene function. Function of the gene can be found by â€Å"turning it off† and studying the effect on the organism. This approach is known as gene targeting or gene knockout. (Capecchi, 1994) Background: Genomes of several mammals have been sequenced so far and few more are under way. Knowing the base pair composition of the genome is only half the task done, the other half would be the identification of gene function. Most common genes are present in all species, thus they are identified with relative ease. Genes that are completely unknown are much harder to identify as very little is known about them. Gene targeting is a most common technique being used to identify the function of the gene. It involves introduction of a mutation into the â€Å"unknown† gene which will suppress its expression. Usually it is a mutation of the start codon or promoter region, however many more possibilities are available. The genome with inactivated gene is introduced into embryo and then selected for. Embryo that has taken up the DNA is then introduced into surrogate mother who will give berth to a transgenic offspring. Offspring is then mated with each other in order to create a homozygote of the mutation. Homozygotes are then studied for the effect of the mutation on the functioning of the organism. (Capecchi, 1994) DNA microinjections is a common technique used for gene targeting as it involves manipulation and reintroduction of the genetic material into the same species. Many genes have been identified through loss of function. For example, recently it was found that a transcription factor is responsible for mammalian cold sensation. Transgenic mice that were created that had a mutation in the gene which codes for the transcription factor (NGFIB). They were unable to respond to cold stimuli which provided strong evidence that a transcription factor is indeed required in the cold response pathway. (Kim, 2005) A discrepancy in the metabolic pathway of the organism would indicate that a gene coding for a â€Å"missing factor† isn’t functioning thus will allow its isolation and identification. Major Topic: First transgenic experiments were carried out on mice. In 1981 first transgenic mammal was created. The animal had a copy of human growth hormone integrated into its genome. It was hypothesized that a growth hormone gene would speed up and increase overall growth of the mice. The outcome was as expected, a mouse which grew quicker and was much bigger in size. Today application of the technology is expanding. Human growth hormone was also introduced to pigs. (Westphal, 1989) The experiment was a success as produced pigs had larger carcasses and less body fat. However there was a downside to the outcome, transgenic pigs were infertile. However research is being carried out to solve the infertility problem. There also was a huge public opinion formed on transgenic animals. Public view of transgenic animals is that they maybe harmful to both humans and the environment. Some critics say that scientist accelerate â€Å"selection† through transgenic technologies. In the end all comes down to ethics, which will have a final word on use of transgenic animals. One aspect of technology that have bypassed both ethics and public opinion was use of transgenic mice of identify unknown genes. Mice are perfect for study of gene function. They have high reproduction rate, a lot is known about mouse genome and they are relatively easy to handle. Gene targeting allowed identification of the function of genes which were previously unknown. In early 1990s research was conducted on function of Insulin-like growth factors. Knockout mice were created with a mutation in the insulin-like growth factor gene. Produced mice showed delayed bone development, retarded post-natal growth, growth deficiency and infertility. (FBS) Hence it proved that insulin-like growth factor plays an important role in fetal development. (DeChiara, 1990; Baker J, 1993) IGF2 gene is located on chromosome 11, p15.5 in mice. Further knockout experiments proved that IGF2 is jointly regulated with H19 and INS2 genes and all theses genes play vital role in fetal development. (Strachan, T 1999) In 2004 group of Japanese and Korean scientist were successful in creating a parthenogenetic mice which survived and grew into adulthood. They were successful through careful manipulation of IGF2, H19 and INS2 genes. These genes are imprinted during early embryonic development as on copy comes from a father and one from a mother. Through manual imprinting of the gene (introduction of the deletion in the promoter region) in prepared oocyte, they were successful in creating an offspring without a physical father. (Kono, 2004) This emphasizes the result gene knockout technique can have on the outcome of the study. Knowledge of a single gene function contributed to discovery which had a world wide impact. Discussion: Transgenic animals so far have proven to benefit humanity in every way. Medical applications have proved to be a great benefit and thus created a positive public opinion. On other hand use of transgenic animals in agriculture is considered dangerous to us and the environment. Agricultural applications of transgenic animals would be a great asset to the industry as costs will be cut and product produced will have higher quality. Industrial uses are not under direct criticism as they are mostly controlled by the private sector. The private applications are have lesser exposure. For example in Canada, scientists in private sector have introduced silk spider genes into lactating goats. The experiment was a success as goats were producing silk from mammary glands. The company, Nexia Biotechnologies also has claimed that they are aiming to produce other industrially important products from lactating goats (Nexia). General public doesn’t really have an opinion on use of this controversial technology as its opinion is force fed by individuals who obviously don’t like the idea. Many topics have been brought up as scientists and governments have made ground rules on what is allowed and what’s not. Topics like ethics, morals, god and human responsibility as only morally capable and accountable creatures on this planet have been the major weapon of hypocrites against technology that will be saving lives and providing us with better quality products at reduced cost. (Outka, 2002) Future applications of the technology would range from production of important proteins to release of wide range of transgenic farming animals. Research is being carried out on pigs to create spare organs that will be compatible with human physiology. Research is also underway to manufacture milk through transgenesis for treatment of debilitating diseases such as phenylketonuria (PKU), hereditary emphysema, and cystic fibrosis. (Margawati, 2003) Conclusion: Insertion or manipulation of genetic material is a system that gives rise to transgenic animals. Several methods have been devised for introduction of the genetic material into the host. Most commonly DNA is directly inserted into the pronuclei of the egg through the technique called microinjection. The following egg is introduced into the surrogate mother. Identification of the offspring that have taken up the DNA is a next logical step. (Capecchi, 1994) Using the following technique scientists have been able to create â€Å"super† animals which have traits that are superior to other animals. The technology has unlimited amount of applications in fields of medicine, agriculture and industrial biotechnology. Transgenic mammals are widely found in agriculture where traits like increased carcass size, product quality and disease resistance are in high demand. Medical applications of the technology involve production of proteins which are essential for survival of people with blo od clotting disorders. (Westphal, 1989) Identification of gene function is probably the most important exploit of the transgenic technology. Genomes of several animals have been successfully sequenced, but function of the identified genes is at most a guess. Gene targeting is a technique in which the gene under question is disabled through various means and then introduced into the pronucleus of the egg. The egg is then inserted into surrogate mother who will hopefully give birth to the offspring lacking the functional gene. The identified mutant is then studied, whether it’s looking for discrepancy in the metabolic pathway or the gene end product. (Capecchi, 1994) Mice have been used extensively in gene targeting as they produce a lot of progeny, easy to maintain and handle. Today many previously unknown genes have been identified using gene targeting technique. Technology is on the rise as more genomes are being sequenced and more genes are found. Uses of transgenic animals are vast and are proving to benefit the humanity greatly. References: Baker J, Liu JP, Robertson EJ, Efstratiadis A: Role of insulin-like growth factors in embryonic and postnatal growth. Cell 1993 Oct 8;75(1):73-82 Strachan, T. Read, 1999 A.P. Human molecular genetics. John Wiley Sons, Singapore, pp. 198-200 Kono et al. 2004, Birth of parthenogenetic mice that can develop to adulthood. Nature 428: 860-864 DeChiara TM, Efstratiadis A, Robertson EJ: A growth-deficiency phenotype in heterozygous mice carrying an insulin-like growth factor II gene disrupted by targeting. Nature 1990 May 3;345(6270):78-80 Gene Outka, 2002, The ethics of stem cell research, Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, vol. 12, No. 2 (2002), pp. 175-213 S.J. Kim, 2005, A transcription factor for cold sensation!, Molecular Pain (Short Report) 1:11 Capecchi, Mario R. Targeted Gene Replacement Scientific American, March 1994:52-59 FBS, A Journal and Virtual Library, bioscience.org/knockout/igfii.htm, Search in database for background information of IGF gene function B. Wang, J. Zhou, Nov 2003, Specific genetic modifications of domestic animals by gene targeting and animal cloning, Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 1:103 H. Westphal, 1989, Transgenic Mammals and Biotechnology, FASEBJ. 3: 117-120; 1989. William H, Velander, Henryk Lubon, William N. Drohan, Transgenic Livestock as Drug Factories, Scientific American, 1/97, page 54, 1997 Nexia Biotechnologies, www.nexiabiotechnologies.com E. T. Margawati, 2003 Transgenic Animals: Their Benefits to Human Welfare, An ActionBioscience.org original article Research Papers on Transgenic Mammals and Gene Targeting - Biology Research PaperGenetic EngineeringBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperDefinition of Export QuotasThe Project Managment Office SystemInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductPETSTEL analysis of India

Powerful Tactics That Will Increase Conversion Rates With Lance Jones

Powerful Tactics That Will Increase Conversion Rates With Lance Jones How are your conversion rates? Are you getting qualified leads? To drive value for your company, you need to convert audience members to customers. If you think you need help, you do. Today, we’re talking to Lance Jones, director of marketing at ReCharge, which helps its customers sell subscriptions on their Shopify stores. Lance shares powerful tactics to help you increase conversion rates. ReCharge’s biggest marketing challenges; from distractions to lack of patience Combining conversion rate optimization and audience language to communicate effectively Connecting with customers by using their words and phrases in your copywriting Formulas and techniques for successful conversion copywriting, including problem/agitation/solution (PAS) Building partnerships and relationships with niche businesses; knowing your target customer and their pain points to offer solutions Providing value back to partners by understanding their business and offering services/tools to solve problems Building trust by educating and teaching customers how to do something Focusing on a new niche; it’s difficult to commit to going narrow Links: ReCharge Joanna Wiebe and Copywriting Formulas Jesse Mecham YNAB MetaLab Flow AMP on iTunes leave a review and send screenshot to podcast@.com If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Lance: â€Å"The biggest challenge istrying to remain free of distractions.† â€Å"As marketers, we are too close to our products.† â€Å"Pretty much every aspect of marketing involves words.†

109SAM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

109SAM - Essay Example Research indicates that bureaucracy is one of the key indicators for a civilized society/ organisation (Flohr, 2010). Some of the merits of democracy include: it act as a tool for ensuring success and efficiency within an organisation. It furthers helps to coordinate different people to work together to achieve a common goals. In addition, bureaucracy helps to define roles that of each person in an organisation should execute. For example, some of the key roles hire include: finance role, managerial roles, human resource roles, accounting roles, legal roles, marketing roles to mention just but a few. In addition, less time is consumed in a bureaucratic structure because there are fewer consultations involved. Bureaucracy provides the top level managers with an opportunity to exercise greater control of organisation decision and strategies this further helps towards proper implementation of organisation decisions. Bureaucratic organisation structure tends to have a clear chain of comm and as well as define lines of reporting. Other merits of democracy may be observed from the government perspective. For example in case of a country, bureaucracy helps to protect it against external and internal aggression via establishment of central intelligence units and armed forces. In above connection, it helps to sustain a strong economy through the establishment of Export-Import bank, securities as well as protection of public goods (Media and Ingram, 2013). On the contrary, bureaucracy tends to have some disadvantage. Among disadvantages of bureaucracy include; it denies the participants an opportunity to think independently and hence, discouraging creativity and innovativeness. Bureaucracy tends to be so mechanistic and rigid; this discourages adaptability to contemporary market, legal and industrial changes. In addition, in a bureaucratic organisation, employee in lower levels of management tends to be less satisfied with the decisions made by top, management because the y are not involved in making those decisions and hence they tend to lack accountability in implementing those decisions. In addition, bureaucratic structures tend to be so much centralized rather than decentralized and hence making it difficult for people with a brilliant ideas to contribute. Bureaucratic organization denies employees morale due to repetitiveness in the nature of task undertaken. This it is rare for employees to shift from one job to the other. Additionally, bureaucracy may not be suitable for a small organisation because it. In a bureaucratic organisation there is usually an aspect of goal displacement as because instead of pursuing overall organisation objectives individuals tend to pursue their own goals and interest (Media and Ingram, 2013). There are various theories of bureaucracy for example, max Weber theory, monopolistic model and the theory of acquisitive. Marx Weber theory of democracy comprises of five characteristics that include: specialization, whereb y, employees should be allotted that task that they can do perfectly. The second characteristic involves division of labor; this implies that work should be divided into smaller and manageable task. The third characteristic entails hierarchical whereby, an organisation should have a clear chain of authority where employees can report to one senior. The fourth characteristic entails standardization of operating procedures. This involves explaining employees on how they are suppose to execute the task (Spark notes, 2013). PORTFOLIO ITEM 2: Culture Cultural awareness entails the ability to think not only about ourselves but